G. Kept bishops for administrative purposes. Disease + Fresh Soldiers = Victory over Aztecs, Ecomienda: adminster new lands, in which natives were see as subjects of Spanish crown. F. No difference between the laity and the clergy. -nobility class lost right of taxation, reduced power of Estates In return, Philip renounced the French throne, both for himself and his descendants, with reciprocal renunciations by French Bourbons to the Spanish throne, including Louis XIV's nephew Philippe of Orlans. D. Emergence of a new eco. ~War caused much Hardship and misery in France (Finances) -Confirms Philip V King of Spain, but crowns to never unite In 1579 , southern provinces formed the Union of Arras and soon made peace with Spain and the northern provinces formed the Union of Utrecht . treaties of Utrecht, also called Peace of Utrecht, (April 1713September 1714), a series of treaties between France and other European powers (April 11, 1713 to Sept. 7, 1714) and another series between Spain and other powers (July 13, 1713 to June 26, 1714), concluding the War of the Spanish Succession (170114). The European Central Bank (ECB) is charged with conducting monetary policy for the 19 countries that participate in the European Monetary Union, and use the euro as their common currency. The opponents of the treaty tried to rally support under the slogan of No Peace Without Spain. Email me your results to jeffraymond2002@yahoo.com. -Roundheads ally w/ Scots, led by Oliver Cromwell -> New Model Army, -Parliament purges more moderate members leaving radical Puritans -> PRIDE'S PURGE => RUMP PARLIAMENT [36] However, these gains were diminished by various factors, chiefly the disruption of the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 caused by Charles disinheriting his nieces in favour of his daughter Maria Theresa. This is a missed opportunity to reflect on the long history of our inter-relationship with Europe and the wider world. Instead, the country was divided into a number of independent provinces, each with its own government and laws. - Turks advance into Austria to control the Mediterranean -- the capitalist entrepreneur could now operate without the restrictions imposed by the urban guilds. Peace of Augsburg. In the second half of the 17th century, England emerged as the dominant commercial power, and the Dutch Republic gradually declined. : East India Co. --> royal monopolies). - August 1640: Scots defeat English army Charles owes Scots $$ About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket The Grand Alliance of 1701 Also known as the League of Augsburg, an anti- French European coalition formed to check the power of France. ~ soldier for soldier - best army in Europe The Netherlands was home to a number of important scientists and philosophers, and the country was at the forefront of the scientific revolution that took place during this period. V. Lutheranism: -Moves are made to restore monarchy by nobles w/ Charles II, Restore English monarchy under Charles II AP European History Concept utline 21 Coee Boad Period 1: c. 1450-c. 1648 1. Skip to document. AP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2018 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1 Document-Based Question Maximum Possible Points: 7 "Evaluate whether the Thirty Years' War was fought primarily for religious or primarily for political reasons." Points Rubric Notes A: Thesis/Claim (0-1) Thesis/claim: Responds to the prompt with a historically ~ royal officials = INTENDANTS sent to provinces to carry orders of the king, (reduced local governor powers) Alexander VI, Rodrigo Borgia) Supremacy in Mediterranean: E. new trade restrictions (ex. It weakened Great Britain's effort to replace France as leading colonialpower. - Russia becomes Dominant BALTIC POWER, Thirty Years war and weakened power of Estates in German Territories allowed elector to move towards consolidation of power During peace negotiations Leopold died Charles VI became Austrian king and claimed Spain Resolution: Spanish empire was carved up between England, Austria and France and Spain itself was left in tact. AP European History Timeline Dylan Graves, McAvoy, Period 8. Spains treaty with Britain (July 13) gave Gibraltar and Minorca to Britain. sometimes seen as an "Enlightened Despot" (this is questionable). ERASMUS --> believed true religion was a matter of inward sincerity and pious devotion rather than an outward symbol of ceremony and ritual; Scriptures are the guide to life; wanted only moral reforms, not ritualistic. - Spanish Netherlands, Milan, Naples given to Austria - more taxation A. Columbus and the first conquistadores. AP Euro: Absolutism and Constitutionalism Author: Tech Services Last modified by: Tech Services Created Date: 4/29/2011 1:04:00 PM Company: -Southern lands remain Catholic + Spanish Control - Catholic Church paid no taxes owning 20% of land AP Euro Wars. Ch. 4: Age of Religious Wars (AP EURO) Quiz - Quizizz -created strong central bureaucracy As Philip was not yet recognized as its king, Spain did not at first send plenipotentiaries, but the Duke of Savoy sent one, and the Kingdom of Portugal was represented by Lus da Cunha. Peace of Westphalia Signed in 1648; deadliest war in Europe; re establishes peace of Augsburg; puts end to religious warfare for the most part; creates power of diplomacy, doesn't let anyone get too powerful Absolutism Total power of a monarch with no governing body, set of laws, to answer to (Conservatism) Versailles a. militarily. Also known as the League of Augsburg, an anti- French European coalition formed to check the power of France. -hereditary provinces of Austria, Kingdom of Bohemia, Hungary, Charles VI issues Pragmatic Sanction -- government and administration: The Dutch were particularly known for their paintings, which were characterized by their attention to detail and realism. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of Europe, and, when it ended with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the map of Europe had been irrevocably changed. existing social and political structures. -- individual interpretation of Sacred Scriptures. Vienna was gateway to into Europe, in 1683, the Ottomans try and seize it. L. cosmopolitanism. PDF Image Zoom Out. France + Netherlands support Sweden, maximize their investment in war, and refuse agreement. -royal court became machinery of Gov't of Versailles Work Ethic") Finally, with the dominance of shipbuilding and its massive fleet, the Dutch formed the. Since the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, . Chapter 18 - The Balance of power in 18th Century Europe ~ enforced spy network to uncover noble plots or less domesticated, divided or loyal nobility so that this period is known as the "Age of Absolutism.". -Calvinists gain legal recognition, independence of Swiss Confederacy, and United Provinces of Netherlands, are a long recognized proclaimed in law -- English Bill of Rights (1668-1689) --> it settled all of the major issues between the kings and K. The Church is subordinate to and the agent of civil authority. ~ creates standing army for internal opposition, Austria forced to turn East + Face Ottoman Threat Social Significance of the Reformation: A. In return he renounced his claims upon the Spanish throne. prestige and power of a modern nation. JOHN CALVIN --> people already predestined for salvation; success on earth determined place in heaven; hard work and no leisure time were signs of success. -> New Laws didn't improve lives by much, introduces African Slaves to labor force, Arrives w/ small pox already there. Bohemian Throne to Hapsburg Ferdinand -> restore faith to Hapsburg lands -royal patronage: sell offices, reward loyalty w/ contracts Too much leisure time leads to sin. Some of the most notable effects of this period include: Economic prosperity: The Dutch Golden Age was a time of great economic prosperity for the Netherlands. -gained no additional land, but kept Strasbourg and part of Alsace ~ Peace of Utrecht By grace.maley. PDF AP Euro Full Timeline - zbhos.com The agreements that concluded the War of the Spanish Succession, often collectively referred to as the Peace of Utrecht, include the twenty-three treaties signed from January 1713 to February 1715 and that between Austria and Spain in 1725, prompting one contemporary to note that Utrecht "like the peace of God, [was] beyond human understanding" Chapter 6: The Road to Revolution | APNotes.net Incan leader dead and civil war in progress. F. Only "sacraments" were Baptism and the Eucharist (were only a symbol of God's presence). -Defeat in Central Europe forced Austria to turn east + Consolidate rule A. Henry VIII of England resented the church for not granting him a divorce of Catherine of Aragon. d. If you could only earn 5% on your investments, how much would you be ready to pay for the chance to own this stream? -Bishop Jacques Bossuet: Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture-> gov. AP European History Timeline | Preceden -confiscated land of Protestants and gave to Catholic nobles and foreign aristocrats (build loyal base) D. Rejected Papal authority. . - Conventicle Act of 1593: conform to English Church or face exile/death, Deterioration w/ Spanish Relations: -Imperial electors of Brandenburg added Prussia to its holdings (1618) when junior branch (cousins) of family died out (expand marriage/death), Thirty Years War and other conflicts weakened power of Estates (representative bodies) in German Territories, weak, but managed to be crowned -> King Frederick I by the HRE for services in War of Spanish Succession, "The Soldiers King" brings Power Catholic South vs Protestant North (Union of Utrecht, declared independence 1581).England gets . -- Test Act (1673). PDF AP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES - College Board -Treaty of Nijmegen gave France more Flemish towns ~opportunities for non-nobles to join nobility ranks Paternalistic & brutally used for labor. -- never again would British kings be as powerful as Parliament. August 1589, Henry III assassinated by crazy monk A. AP_European_-_Chapter_4_Review_Guide - Chapter 4 The These became increasingly important after a series of deaths between 1712 and 1714 left the five year old Louis XV as his great-grandfather's heir. The Netherlands is a small, low-lying country located at the crossroads of Europe, and this gave it a unique advantage as a trading and transportation hub. The Whigs considered themselves the heirs of the staunch anti-French policies of William III and the Duke of Marlborough. Austria had traditionally relied on naval support from the Dutch, whose own capability had been severely degraded; Britain prevented the loss of Sicily and Naples in 1718 but refused to do so again in 1734. AP Euro Unit 5 Study Guide: 18 AP Euro Unit 5 Study Guide Absolutism, Nation-States, and Commercial Revolution b. -- "Babylonian Captivity" B. Luther appealed to nationalistic feelings in the German states -Ferdinand III centralizes German speaking provinces (Austria, Styria, Tyrol) Price Revolution: importation into Europe of huge quantities of gold/silver cause price revolution = inflation E. Germany was the home of Luther and of many new, more theologically "liberal" universities. -- he denounced the Pope for involvement in politics as well as religion. On Aug. 13, 1713, the Spanish treaty with Savoy was concluded, ceding the former Spanish possession of Sicily to Victor Amadeus II as his share of the spoils of war. treaties of Utrecht, also called Peace of Utrecht, (April 1713-September 1714), a series of treaties between France and other European powers (April 11, 1713 to Sept. 7, 1714) and another series between Spain and other powers (July 13, 1713 to June 26, 1714), concluding the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14). Year(t)12345Cashflow$8009001,0001,5002,000. ~ Peace of Utrecht [25] However, in the Parliament of 1710 the Tories had gained control of the House of Commons, and they wished for an end to Great Britain's participation in a European war. kind of unity sought elsewhere through absolutism. he made Fr. -- Ulster Plantation. -belief in divine right/ absolutism and return to Catholicism The previous conferences were: in Nijmegen (1678-1679), in Rijswijk (1697), in Utrecht (1713), in Vienna (1738), in Aachen (1748), and Paris F. Great Peasant Revolt of 1520. Ap Euro Events Terms in this set (16) Peace of Augsburg 1555, ended religious civil war between roman catholic and lutherans in germany, each german prince power to choice religion of state, failed to provide recognition for calvinsts or other religious groups Council of Trent - Parliament believed in defending their power sharing role in gov't The Dutch had a strong navy, and they were able to control the shipping routes through the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, which allowed them to establish a lucrative trade network that stretched across Europe and beyond. ~ belief 2 religions couldn't coexist in the same state -went after dangerous nobles (asserted territorial independence) C. policies of Frederick William, the "Great Elector", Frederick I, and Frederick II, the "Great". -Based on trade w/ Americas + silver mines when region moving towards independence (needing materials Spain didn't have) 2.1: Absolutism and Reaction - Paul Sargent Makes History ~ completed Decline of Spain as a major Power -Tried to get approval, but agreements unbinding, -Takes control and visits West (1697-1698) (1337-1453) Long series of wars between France and England, (1521-1559) Series of wars in which France and the Holy Roman Empire competed for Italy, (1555) Treaty in which Charles V allowed regional Princes to dictate the religion of their lands, (1559) Treaty that ended the Habsburg-Valois wars, (1618-1648) war that started with the defenestration of Prague; the last major war to be started because of religion, (1618-1625) first phase of the 30 years' war; conflict between catholics and protestants; protestants lose at the battle of White Mountain, (1625-1629 second phase of the 30 years' war; protestant King Christian IV of Denmark steps in against HRE Catholics but is beaten by Albert of Wallenstein; in 1629 Ferdinand II outlaws calvinism in the HRE, (1630-1635) third phase of the 30 years' war; King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden beats Catholics at the battles of Breitenfield(1631) and Lutzen(1632); Adolphus killed at the battle of Nordlingen(1634) but Protestants gain momentum, (1635-1648) fourth phase of the 30 Years' War; France, Holland, and Savoy aid Sweden and Protestant Germans; only Spain helps HRE; 13 violent years that don't get anyone anywhere. -- much financial abuse in Church --> simony, benefices; 30% of land in Eur. he made the King and the State one and the same. The treaty was preceded by the asiento agreement, by which Spain gave to Britain the exclusive right to supply the Spanish colonies with African slaves for the next 30 years. Political and economic freedom: The Netherlands was a republic during the Dutch Golden Age, and this meant that the government was not controlled by a single ruler or ruling family. Bourbon France had previously held the Asiento de Negros, allowing French slave traders to supply 5,000 slaves to the Spanish Empire each year; France had gained control over this contract after Philip V had become King of Spain. Enlightenment thinkers felt that change and reason were both possible and desireable for the The Holy Roman emperor Charles VI, in what is considered the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, concluded peace with France in the Treaties of Rastatt and Baden (March 6, 1714 and Sept. 7, 1714; see Rastatt and Baden, Treaties of). - France loses Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay to England In this system, diplomacy became a major component of the relations among states. Mercantilism: form of capitalism, private Property based, highly regulated by Monarchy. -strong monarchy necessary to end chaos of war and rebellion, Manipulating Nobility: Marked the end of French expansionist policy. -enlarged and reformed army ~ 1576: William "The Silent" of Orange -> Pacification of Ghent In fact it was the first time that the term ap- peared in. -Duke of Alba marched army into Netherlands to threaten English invasion Peace of Westphalia, European settlements of 1648, which brought to an end the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch and the German phase of the Thirty Years' War. * Late 1600s Kings had less opposition to centralization, The Hohenzollern's were hereditary rulers of Brandenburg and Prussia
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