With over a decade of . How much money? 4. For more on Thomas Nast, please visit his short biography here. The BRAINS that achieved the Tammany victory at the Rochester Democratic Convention is an editorial cartoon wood engraving by the German-American illustrator, Thomas Nast, from 1871. All Rights Reserved. person to person, as well as being published in Tweed was convicted of corruption in 1873 and died in prison four years later (after a failed escape attempt to Spain). 0000031853 00000 n 0000003213 00000 n The final class presentation in which students demonstrate an ability to identify the artistic techniques used in political cartoons, to interpret an author's message, and to support their interpretation with specific details from the cartoon. For example, if I draw a picture of a bug with a big red X over it, based on the evidence from the picture you could infer that I do not like bugs. You've likely already started to come up with some ideas just from your careful observation. Evaluate the ways in which an artist uses artistic forms of figurative language (e.g., irony, symbolism, exaggeration) to persuade or manipulate the viewer. Next, have students organize their questions into the following categories: Allow students to share the questions they have generated about political cartoons. cartoon, as well as the historical context from Thomas Nast, "The 'Brains.'" Published in Harper's Weekly, 1871. the first book published in north america (1628) was _____. A Cartoon Analysis Checklist, developed by Jonathan Burack, is presented here as a tool for helping students become skilled at reading the unique language employed by political cartoons in order to use them effectively as historical sources.The checklist is introduced through a series of classroom activities, and includes the following core concepts. Thomas Nast was born on this day in 1840. Encourage them to go back and forth between the T F S L columns; there is no correct order. The destructive potential of Nasts cartoons wasnt lost on Tweed. In addition to his position as the Commissioner of Public Works, Tweed was the director of a bank, a railroad company and a publishing house. E E U C Q T OBSERVE Have students identify and note details. they were often posted on walls or passed from For example, ask them how they would use symbolism to show things in their everyday life, such as Cleaning their room, Lunchtime at school, or Snow Day, just to give a couple of topic examples. Political cartoons, including Nasts brutal takedowns of Tweed, were pasted on the walls for everyone to see. Students can create their own political cartoons, making sure to incorporate a few of the artistic techniques learned in this lesson. As a final objective, ask students, individually or in pairs, to create a cartoon of their own which expresses their point of view on a specific topic. 0000008838 00000 n Retrieved from https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6e8fca40-dc44-0130-831f-58d385a7bbd0, {{cite web | url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6e8fca40-dc44-0130-831f-58d385a7bbd0 | title= %9LqPBYj4bT9CmEb;K;#=r$Q+ utj69cZ)< tiJRyS{J6FhKyY,OGz@,h(n6MA%BnGPi)hYznmDrx.iQn)oR]g]@GX8M}'Z^$M?~WN_i|>{'!xbwk'_TwK-'. caricature, lampoon, and otherwise express their Give students an opportunity to share their cartoons with the class, and invite classmates to analyze the cartoonist's message and voice their own opinions about the issue. He quickly became one of the leading, and most corrupt, politicians in New York City. They should be prepared to support their opinions with evidence from the cartoon. walfredp8to49. This political cartoon, "Under the Thumb," was published by Thomas Nast, the scourge of Tweed and the Tammany Hall Machine. End by having students reflect in writing on what they have learned about political cartoons. How are these cartoons different from news articles? Source. Tweed died in jail in 1878, and Nast . Jonathan Burack created a short checklist with some useful tips to keep in mind as you begin your analysis. For example, if a student asked, "Why did the artist make George Bush's ears so big in this cartoon? Tammany Tiger LooseWhat are you going to do about it? 0 Give a dif-ferent cartoon to each group. Boss Tweed operated with impunityuntil he got under the skin of a 30-year-old political cartoonist named Thomas Nast. More Details In those years, William Tweed was already a minor celebrity in New York City as the burly leader of the Americus Fire Company No. %PDF-1.6 % 18 0 obj <> endobj We equip students and teachers to live the ideals of a free and just society. Get Printable Version Copy to Google Drive. The "brains." check out the images and their meaning just like what you can infer from political cartoons Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Tweed and his cronies in Tammany Hallthe organization that controlled the Democratic Party and most of its votesdirected local services, controlled elections, and received millions of dollars in kickbacks, bribes, and other forms of brazen corruption. Nast, already well-known in Republican circles, became a national celebrity after the Tweed campaign. Make sure to walk students through the first cartoon, pointing out how each of the vocabulary is used in the cartoon. The boss still has the reins. This way, when they see the words or names, they have enough background knowledge to understand the picture. C. A decline in individual human productivity that was more than compensated for by growth in the human population. There are two pathways of questioning available to students. Inference: Conclusions reached based upon reasoning and evidence. These two areas help us to understand the meaning or message the artist is trying to convey. We contribute to teachers and students by providing valuable resources, tools, and experiences that promote civic engagement through a historical framework. In the 1870s, newspapers and weekly magazines like Harpers Weekly were fixtures in the neighborhood taverns where working-class New Yorkers gathered to drink, buy groceries and even vote in local elections. Are there any images of famous places or famous people? He believed in preserving the union first. For over two hundred years, whenever a debate has ", Common Uses of Symbolism in Political Cartoons Workshee, Incorporating Political Cartoons into Classrooms, Political Cartoons: Not Just for Educators. 0000002283 00000 n The New York Public Library. the re-charter and transferred millions of dollars of Federal funds from the Bank. 1300 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 Garfield: President of the United States (1881), yet only briefly because he was assassinated. Lets stop those damned pictures, Tweed reportedly said. 0000009122 00000 n exposing the corruption of Boss Tweed and the Tammany Hall political machine. You can use the examples given or come up with your own as you see fit. The "brains." That achieved the Tammany victory at the Rochester Democratic Convention. 0000006840 00000 n The French and Indian War (1754-63) was the original inspiration for Join or Die. Benjamin Franklin The "brains." For example, the southern states seceded from the Union during the civil war to form the Confederate States of America. The Bill of Rights Institute teaches civics. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6e8fca40-dc44-0130-831f-58d385a7bbd0, The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, h[moF+P'M/mPfbJJwYR"i\ D2&E3 0000008378 00000 n Figure 3: The cartoon caption reads: The Tammany Tiger LooseWhat are you going to do about it? Before being knocked to the ground by the tiger, the woman had been wearing a crown labeled republic and carrying a sword labeled power; she lies on top of a paper labeled law and a battered flag. supported by Federal funds and deposits, but essentially was privately owned. This is one of the most famous of Nast's caricatures. The. Divergent questioning refers to alternative questions that lead to hypotheses instead of answers. The 1909 document, written by Lewis Hine, reports on child labor in Maryland canneries. In his ferocious and funny caricatures, he painted Boss Tweed as a larger-than-life crook and Tammany Hall as a den of tigers. nearly 1200 civilians, including 128 Americans, caused a shift in public opinion in favor of conflict. broken out in the United States, political cartoons Based on what you have learned, why might it be important to be able to evaluate these cartoons? This lesson also will help students use their critical thinking skills to understand various historical events and, at the end of the lesson, students will have the opportunity to create their own cartoon. Good morning. Remind student to look at the subject and the artistic techniques (i.e., symbolism, irony, exaggeration, labeling and analogy) to help them identify the author's message. In this activity, students will closely examine political cartoons about the Stamp Act; make inferences about the political, social, and economic situations depicted therein; and offer informed speculations concerning each creator&rsquo;s point of . C Thomas Nast gleefullyand bravelymocked the Tammany Hall boss in multiple cartoons, prompting newspapers and authorities to investigate. Nast rarely replaced Tweeds face, preferring to draw him somewhat realistically from the neck up, but doing horrible things to his body (bloating, turning him into a vulture, obese emperor, etc.) The perfect site for conservatives, republicans, libertarians and liberty loving Americans. When investigators uncovered the full extent of Tweeds crimes, the total theft came to $45 million (nearly $1 billion today). The Ultimately, Nast depicted Tweed at least 120 times in Harper's Weekly during Tweed's lifetime, and another 25 after he died. Begin by placing a political cartoon on the overhead. Nast: His Period and His Pictures (New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1904) He had the kind of personality where the more you pressed him, the less likely he was to back down.. He also dehumanized Tweed by replacing his head with a bag of money. Tweeds greed drew the attention of Thomas Nast, a cartoonist for the periodical Harpers Weekly. "The Brains" is one of Thomas Nast's most well-known political cartoons. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, CCSS alignments are forthcoming. Colonial delegates approved the plan unanimously after some debate and revision, but each of the seven colonies rejected the plan. Vocabulary for Historical Context: Therefore, it was only natural for British subjects to contribute by paying higher taxes. In this piece, Nast depicts the infamous Boss Tweed as a heavier set man with a bag of money for his head. Nast probably took this threat seriously, because he immediately moved his family from Harlem to Morristown, New Jersey, and bought a house across the street from historic Macculloch Hall. 0000009203 00000 n 0000050851 00000 n A longtime contributor to HowStuffWorks, Dave has also been published in The New York Times, the Los Angeles Times and Newsweek. Money dominated his brain-his thinking. Nast. At the end of a survey course in U.S. history, cartoons can be used as part of an assessment. 5. Thomas Nast & Tammany Hall. Is the cartoonist using any other artistic techniques (e.g., irony or exaggeration) to express his or her opinion on an issue? The cartoon depicts McClellan as the peace candidate. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer and guides. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images, Thomas Nast: The Father of Modern Political Cartoons. 0000049941 00000 n This Nast cartoon depicts 'Boss' Tweed with a money bag for a head, circa 1871. Allen Rogers cartoon depicts Woodrow Wilson with a nefarious-looking German diplomat, holding a note that 0000002732 00000 n Tweed was eventually arrested in 1873. What was the artists goal in creating these cartoons? Summary:Boss Tweed represented as having a money-bag face. What point is the cartoonist trying to make? Ask students to look closely at the cartoon and write down any questions they have about the cartoon's message, the subject of the cartoon, or the artist's use of images. Tweed died in jail in 1878, and Nast continued to draw for Harpers Weekly until 1886. single political entity. How are political cartoons different from other cartoons in the newspaper? With Boss Tweed, Nast saw an opportunity to release a lot of venom in pursuit of something that would make him famous.. Getting to Know You: Developing Short Biographies to Build Community, Phonic Generalizations in Chrysanthemum, My World of Words: Building Vocabulary Lists, The Day Jimmy's Boa Taught Cause and Effect, Literary Scrapbooks Online: An Electronic Reader-Response Project, Its No Laughing Matter: Analyzing Political Cartoons, To wander and wonder: Pathways to literacy and inquiry through question-finding (Ciardiello), The Association of American Editorial Cartoonists: Cartoons for the Classroom, Daryl Cagle's Professional Cartoonist Index, It's No Laughing Matter: Analyzing Political Cartoons, "Propaganda Techniques in Literature and Online Political Ads". Senators and other politicians threatened Nast all the time, says Halloran. His political career began in 1850, when he ran as an alderman from the Seventh Ward of New York City. a point? D. The growing prominence of Europeans in world history. The students' involvement in generating critical questions about political cartoons in Lesson 1, and then using what they have learned from an online activity to answer these questions in Lesson 2. Submit your story here. cartoonists use to persuade their audience. He was a painter, illustrator and a caricaturist using his talent to make a political point with cartoons. Secession: Withdrawing or removing yourself from membership, usually withdrawing from membership in a government. Students should also use evidence from the cartoon to support their analysis. Another depicted all of New York under the giant thumb of Tweed. true or false,as a group, irish immigrants were one of the biggest supporters of the temperance movement. This lesson has been aligned to standards in the following states. Nast launched a relentless anti-corruption campaign against Tweed in the pages of Harpers Weekly. New York Public Library Digital Collections. Let us know how you used this plan and be featured on our site! In a short time, Nast became a huge threat to the stability of Tweeds power. What kind of vacation? Nast asked. 11. 0000007843 00000 n to provide some context on the issues the cartoon This cartoon depicts New York under the thumb of Tweed, who is the Boss there. With the nation on the brink of civil war, President Abraham Lincoln made a dramatic request to Congress Alicia Parks, Education Intern, Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 0000031946 00000 n endstream endobj 19 0 obj <> endobj 20 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 21 0 obj <>stream What continuity exists? This final objective can be historical, relating to the topics in the cartoons, or something from their everyday life. Well, Id need a lot of money for that, said Nast. That achieved the Tammany victory at the Rochester Democratic Convention." Make sure to walk students through the first cartoon, pointing out how each of the vocabulary is used in the cartoon. Do you think political cartoons play the same role in questioning government today as they did in Thomas Nasts time? The 1912 presidential candidates Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt battled over the question of which The Second Bank of the United States, established in 1816, was criticized as a monopoly. 0000002424 00000 n 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. Political cartoons began as a street-level phenomenon. Nast depicts New York corruption as Tweed is "the brains" at the New York state convention. By the end, they should be able to work independently to figure out what the cartoon is depicting, using their vocabulary and common symbolism worksheets as a guide. In this 9-12 lesson, students will analyze cartoon drawings to create an original political cartoon based on current events. The decisions students make about social and political issues are often influenced by what they hear, see, and read in the news. tyranny, the other portraying the Bank as a monster being vanquished by President Jackson. The caption, The Brains, implies that Tweeds brains are controlled and fed by greed. Students first develop critical questions about political cartoons. It was first published in Harpers Weekly on October 21, 1871, on page 992. dire working conditions of children across the country and produced numerous reports on the issue as well as 2. In the early twentieth century, the issue of child labor polarized American public opinion. Invite students to give their class presentations, allowing the class to also comment on each cartoon's message and use of artistic techniques. The document is an official account by one of the senior officers of the Enterprise to The accompanying leaflet provides some insight into the Symbolism: Something that stands for something else. hb``Pa`` wv3F fah@SbF=^^z->] These questions can be general with regard to the purpose of political cartoons or they can be specific to the cartoon they are viewing. 0000002322 00000 n By the end of the nineteenth century, Thomas Nast is known as the Father of the American political cartoon. Jefferson Davis: President of the South (confederacy) during the Civil War from 1861-65. Using lines from Bombeck's newspaper column, students identify allusive or satirical humor. Its No Laughing Matter: Analyzing Political Cartoons: This interactive activity has students explore the different persuasive techniques political cartoonists use and includes guidelines for analysis. Ask them to use the information from the online activity to answer some of the questions they generated. Townhall is the top source for conservative news, political cartoons, breaking news, election news and commentary on politics and the media culture. William Tweed, the "boss" of Tammany Hall, played a major role in New York City politics during the mid-1800s. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The conclusion of the French and Indian War in 1763 was followed by Britains attempt to raise revenue by Also, you could ask them to create a cartoon that talks about a specific topic in history that was being discussed such as the Civil War or a Presidential election etc. Tweed feared Nast's cartoons to a much greater extent than newspaper articles, because many of his constituents were illiterate, and he even offered Nast a bribe to stop these public criticisms. What role does analysis have in historical construction? The symbol of a bag of money in place of a head was genius on Nasts part. A cartoon titled The Brains featured a corpulent Tweed with a bag of money for a head. For example, he is as loyal as a dog or she runs as fast as a cheetah. a wealth of photographs. What is the role of a free press in questioning governmental actions in a constitutional republic? Ask students to clip a few political cartoons from the newspaper prior to the lesson. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, standard alignments are not currently available for that state. William Meager Tweed as a New York City boss who many felt corruptly ran NYC. A. ._HJGWxW C}Q If so, what is the importance of the label? YX(_T[xY(# Tweed's corpulence, apparent aggressive posture, mostly bald head, and flashy diamond pin were a caricaturist's dream. for troops and funds for military action on July 4, 1861. cartoon depicts American ire by portraying a mob of Bostonians tarring and feathering a seemingly innocent Cartoonists' Persuasive Techniques Symbolism Cartoonists use simple objects, or symbols, to stand for larger concepts or ideas. Figure 1: The caption of the cartoon reads: Boss Tweed: As long as I count the votes, what are you going to do about it? The cartoon also includes a figure representing Wilson suggesting that Irony: Words that mean that opposite of their usual meaning, for Example, a bald man named Harry. In that role, Tweed controlled which contractors and organizations got work and financial assistance for New York City and State related projects. American colonists fumed over the fact that these taxes were imposed without faC(Wdm|&su3M(v2pQ When the brains starts to move rapidly inside the skull, a concussion has taken place. 0000001347 00000 n Students should analyze ways that political cartoons address recurring themes in history. Volck and Joseph Keppler penned many popular cartoons advocating social reform. 1. The resources in this primary source set are intended for classroom use. Since trusts were a source of potent political anger, each candidate attempted to that the work was unsafe and dangerous for young children and that it impaired both their education and Learn more about the different ways you can partner with the Bill of Rights Institute. Say?, Figure 2: The cartoon caption reads: The Brains that achieved the Tammany victory at the Rochester Democratic Convention.. What might account However, it can also raise Nast used caricature as a purposeful distortion or exaggeration of physical characteristics. Cartoon Analysis Guide Use this guide to identify the persuasive techniques used in political cartoons. 0000005924 00000 n photographed by Lewis Hine clearly depicts child labor as a blot on the nation. hbbd``b` bu V Nast is often referred to as the Father of the American Cartoon. I dont care so much what the papers write about memy constituents cant read, but damn it, they can see pictures., In 1873, Nast was living in Harlem with his wife and small child when he says that a stranger knocked at their door with a suspicious question: Youve been working so hard on your cartoons, arent you tired? major U.S. naval victory. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer 0000006533 00000 n For more information visit my website www.thomasnastcartoons.com, What does Thomas Nast, "The Brains," 1871 picture mean, Which of the following was a feature of the modern era in the centuries after 1500? During the Civil War, young Nast sided with the Radical Republicans and put his artistic talents to work for the Union and abolitionist cause. "The 'Brains.' That Achieved the Tammany Victory at the Rochester Democratic Convention," political cartoon, engraving by Thomas Nast. T: (215) 732-6200 F: (215) 732-2680. His comics highlighted the danger of potential war with Nazi . endstream endobj startxref They should be able to support their position Thomas Nast was an immigrant himself. However, his most powerful contribution was the use of his cartoons in the decline and fall of Boss Tweed. The strategies are known to assist learners with unusual or perplexing subject materials that conflict with prior knowledge. It's estimated he made somewhere between 30-200 million duringthis time. interesting questions about the point of view of the Step 1: Choose two political cartoons from this bank, under the section "Political Corruption", and respond to the following prompt: In a full paragraph, please paint a picture for your classmates about what is . Tweed was right to fear this criticism because Nasts cartoons helped lead to his downfall and arrest in 1876. Running head incomplete. Analyzing Political Cartoons Modern American political cartoons have been around since the nineteenth century. 0000001808 00000 n When hostilities broke out in 1914, marking the beginning of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson maintained Nast was was trying to get the point across that Boss was a very corrupt man and all he wanted and cared for is money. 1871-11-04 - 1871-10-21. Dave Roos is a freelance writer based in the United States and Mexico. 0000005863 00000 n Deciphering Political Cartoons. The image that is selected for the analysis is from the pre-1856 epoch of US history, and it represents the imagination of the political and social life as it was imagined by artists. Analyzing Political Cartoons B S E R O V E Guide students with the sample questions as they respond to the N O R E I primary source. (Figure 1) (Figure 2) (Figure 3) How do these cartoons demonstrate that Boss Tweed had an unfair grip over politics in New York? Encourage students to add any interesting questions posed by their classmates to their own lists. and fair use guidelines. Students will apply both factual knowledge and interpretive skills to determine the values, conflicts, and important issues reflected in political cartoons. Use of this inquiry strategy is designed to enhance curiosity and promote students to search for answers to gain new knowledge or a deeper understanding of controversial material. The 1914 cartoon Another cartoon depicts Roosevelt wielding a baton labeled legalized monopoly while conducting a
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