John O'Brien:The election was in November of 1969 and this was the summer of 1969, this was June. I was never seduced by an older person or anything like that. Richard Enman (Archival):Ye - well, that's yes and no. City Room, a news blog of live reporting, features and reader conversations about New York City, has been archived. With Stonewall, the spirit of 60s rebellion spread to LGBTQ people in New York and beyond, who for the first time found Jerry Hoose:The bar itself was a toilet. Based on I was proud. Lauren Noyes. Other images in this film are either recreations or drawn from events of the time. . Slate:The Homosexual(1967), CBS Reports. The lasting impact of the Stonewall Riots. And the Village has a lot of people with children and they were offended. A Q-Ball Productions film for AMERICAN EXPERIENCE Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:They were sexual deviates. You needed a license even to be a beautician and that could be either denied or taken away from you. Older groups such as the Mattachine Society, which was founded in southern California as a discussion group for gay men and had flourished in the 1950s, soon made way for more radical groups such as the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) and the Gay Activists Alliance (GAA). Interviewer (Archival):What type of laws are you after? It sparked protests, political organization for gays, and gay pride parades. Stonewall Doric Wilson:And we were about 100, 120 people and there were people lining the sidewalks ahead of us to watch us go by, gay people, mainly. John van Hoesen I wanted to kill those cops for the anger I had in me. It was the third such raid on Greenwich Village gay bars in a short period. We were winning. Then the cops come up and make use of what used to be called the bubble-gum machine, back then a cop car only had one light on the top that spun around. Patricia Yusah, Marketing and Communications JNT2 Hannah Ingraham - Grade: 100%; NY Times Paywall - Case Analysis with questions and their answers. However, the New York State Liquor Authority penalized and shut down establishments that served alcohol to known or suspected LGBT individuals, arguing that the mere gathering of homosexuals was disorderly.. Martin Boyce:And I remember moving into the open space and grabbing onto two of my friends and we started singing and doing a kick line. They were not used to a bunch of drag queens doing a Rockettes kick line and sort of like giving them all the finger in a way. I mean they were making some headway. They had a warrant. Absolutely, and many people who were not lucky, felt the cops. Anniversary of the Stonewall Uprising Virginia Apuzzo:It was free but not quite free enough for us. Mr. Katz highlighted several ways in which the documents cast new light on the Stonewall uprising: In an interview, Mr. Carter said of the documents, Theres potential there for learning a lot more.. They began to jeer at and jostle the police and then threw bottles and debris. John O'Brien:I was very anti-police, had many years already of activism against the forces of law and order. John O'Brien Slate:Boys Beware(1961) Public Service Announcement. Martha Babcock Doric Wilson:Somebody that I knew that was older than me, his family had him sent off where they go up and damage the frontal part of the brain. Doric Wilson:When I was very young, one of the terms for gay people was twilight people, meaning that we never came out until twilight, 'til it got dark. Our lessons and assessments are available for free download once you've created an account. They would bang on the trucks. Detective John Sorenson, Dade County Morals & Juvenile Squad (Archival):There may be some in this auditorium. We didn't necessarily know where we were going yet, you know, what organizations we were going to be or how things would go, but we became something I, as a person, could all of a sudden grab onto, that I couldn't grab onto when I'd go to a subway T-room as a kid, or a 42nd street movie theater, you know, or being picked up by some dirty old man. WebArrest Reports From the 1969 Stonewall Uprising. Todays post comes from Rachel Rosenfeld in the National Archives History Office. Corbis Acceptance and respect from the establishment were no longer being humbly requested but angrily and righteously demanded. Dick Leitsch:New York State Liquor Authority had a rule that one known homosexual at a licensed premise made the place disorderly, so nobody would set up a place where we could meet because they were afraid that the cops would come in to close it, and that's how the Mafia got into the gay bar business. Stonewall Riots | Stanford History Education Group % So anything that would set us off, we would go into action. Chapter 2: Activist Agendas and Visions before Stonewall, Chapter 3: Political Protests before Stonewall, Chapter 6: Activist Agendas after Stonewall, Chapter 7: Political Protests after Stonewall, About the Author:Short CV/Long CV/Biography, Documenting the Stonewall Riots: A Bibliography of Primary Sources, View the files for Part I, II, III and Resources, San Francisco State I was a man. Gay people were never supposed to be threats to police officers. Ed Koch, Councilman, New York City:There were complaints from people who objected to the wrongful behavior of some gays who would have sex on the street. There were gay bars in Midtown, there were gay bars uptown, there were certain kinds of gay bars on the Upper East Side, you know really, really, really buttoned-up straight gay bars. Raymond Castro:If that light goes on, you know to stop whatever you're doing, and separate. Lots of gay men in those days had enough experience with the police to conceal their true identities Police raids and harassment were a common occurrence across the U.S. during this time, and amid the growing political activism of the 1960s,LGBTQ+ people began to mobilize and fight back. Mike Wallace (Archival):Two out of three Americans look upon homosexuals with disgust, discomfort or fear. John O'Brien:They went for the head wounds, it wasn't just the back wounds and the leg wounds. One was the 1845 statute that made it a crime in the state to masquerade. Martin Boyce:And then more police came, and it didn't stop. On this 50th anniversary of Stonewall, the National Archives pays homage to those who risked their lives protesting for their basic human rights. ", Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:And he went to each man and said it by name. You know, we wanted to be part of the mainstream society. Beginning of our night out started early. (Sourcing) Who was Dick Leitsch? The scenes were photographed with telescopic lenses. Armed with a warrant, police officers entered the club, roughed up patrons, and, finding bootlegged alcohol, arrested 13 people, including employees and people violating the states gender-appropriate clothing statute (female officers would take suspected cross-dressing patrons into the bathroom to check their sex). The Chicago riots, the Human Be-in, the dope smoking, the hippies. Dan Bodner People that were involved in it like me referred to it as "The First Run." Geordie, Liam and Theo Gude One document provides additional detail about the previously known arrest of David Van Ronk, a heterosexual folk singer (who was incorrectly described as an actor) who was accused of assaulting an officer with Atascadero was known in gay circles as the Dachau for queers, and appropriately so. Danny Garvin:People were screaming "pig," "copper." In 2019, shortly before the 50th anniversary of the riots, New York Citys police commissioner, James P. ONeill, issued an apology on behalf of the police department saying, The actions taken by the N.Y.P.D. Evan Eames The Stonewall riots inspired gay Americans to fight for their rights. They had a warrant. Omissions? People could take shots at us. What finally made sense to me was the first time I kissed a woman and I thought, "Oh, this is what it's about." Because he was homosexual. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:And by the time the police would come back towards Stonewall, that crowd had gone all the around Washington Place come all the way back around and were back pushing in on them from the other direction and the police would wonder, "These are the same people or different people?". Homosexuality was a dishonorable discharge in those days, and you couldn't get a job afterwards. Raymond Castro:We were in the back of the room, and the lights went on, so everybody stopped what they were doing, because now the police started coming in, raiding the bar. John Marshall is listed as a representative for the Mattachine Society of Washington in the Christopher Street Liberation Day Committee Files, so researchers may wish to search that name specifically in the Kamney and Vincenz collections. Tires were slashed on police cars and it just went on all night long. Danny Garvin:With Waverly Street coming in there, West Fourth coming in there, Seventh Avenue coming in there, Christopher Street coming in there, there was no way to contain us. And all of a sudden, pandemonium broke loose. For LGBT periodicals, seeLGBT Life with Full Text(EBSCO),Archives of Sexuality and Gender(Gale), and theOutHistorywebsite. This, to a homosexual, is no choice at all. I am not alone, there are other people that feel exactly the same way.". They were afraid that the FBI was following them. Without police interference, the crime family could cut costs how they saw fit: The club lacked a fire exit, running water behind the bar to wash glasses, clean toilets that didnt routinely overflow and palatable drinks that werent watered down beyond recognition. So in every gay pride parade every year, Stonewall lives. Since the Stonewall was without a license, the place was being closed. Martin Boyce:Oh, Miss New Orleans, she wouldn't be stopped. The article notes that little is known about Vincent DePaul (and several others), but the Renaissance saint Vincent de Paul is well documented. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We had maybe six people and by this time there were several thousand outside. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:So at that point the police are extremely nervous. k lmZkvLvcJ?Jcb^*` Raymond Castro:I'd go in there and I would look and I would just cringe because, you know, people would start touching me, and "Hello, what are you doing there if you don't want to be touched?" This was ours, here's where the Stonewall was, here's our Mecca. I would get in the back of the car and they would say, "We're going to go see faggots." Stonewall - Primary Sources: LGBTQ+ - LibGuides at Florida Seymour Wishman I was back living in my hometown of Bangor, Maine when I heard the news on the local radio station of the riot at the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village. HIS 100 Module Four Activity Narratives.docx - HIS 100 It was not the first time police raided a gay bar, and it was not the first time LGBTQ+ people fought back, but the events that would unfold over the next six days would fundamentally change the discourse surrounding LGBTQ+ activism in the United States. BBC Worldwide Americas (Close reading) According to this document, which groups of people had strong attachments to the Stonewall Inn? Forty years later I am While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. William Eskridge, Professor of Law:Gay people who were sentenced to medical institutions because they were found to be sexual psychopaths, were subjected sometimes to sterilization, occasionally to castration, sometimes to medical procedures, such as lobotomies, which were felt by some doctors to cure homosexuality and other sexual diseases. I believe hes an honorable man, Documents. Research assistance provided by Mario Burrus, Adam Joseph Nichols, and Cole Souder. happily back in New York City, and I still pray for those who are brave enough to continue the quest for Equality. Thank you, New York Times for bringing this ongoing struggle by so many The Stonewall Riots: A Documentary History But we went down to the trucks and there, people would have sex. The lights came on, it's like stop dancing. And the police were showing up. Urban Stages Primary sources related to the Black Nite Brawl in August 1961 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. WebHIS 100 Module Four Activity Template: Historical Narratives Xavier Bethea Locate an additional secondary source relevant to your historical event. Stonewall Riots Internet History Sourcebooks Project Occurring as it did in the context of the civil rights and feminist movements, the Stonewall riots became a galvanizing force. Stonewall Uprising | American Experience | PBS And the first gay power demonstration to my knowledge was against my story inThe Village Voiceon Wednesday. The Web site OutHistory.org has obtained police records from the start of the Stonewall I actually thought, as all of them did, that we were going to be killed. So you couldn't have a license to practice law, you couldn't be a licensed doctor. Webindividual project on the stonewall riots pcs 309 dr hale Research Paper: eight-ten pages with the following sections (30 points): Introduction Conflict Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Southern New Hampshire University Harvard University Martin Boyce:It was thrilling. Joe DeCola Sophie Cabott Black Mike Wallace (Archival):Dr. Charles Socarides is a New York psychoanalyst at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine. Get the latest on new films and digital content, learn about events in your area, and get your weekly fix of American history. And she was quite crazy. Chris Mara, Production Assistants PBS - American Experience - Who was at Stonewall? As members of the Mattachine Society of Washington, Frank Kameny and Lilli Vincenz participated in the discussion, planning, and promotion of the first Pride along with activists in New York City and other homophile groups belonging to E.R.C.H.O. I said, "I can go in with you?" So I attempted suicide by cutting my wrists. The Stonewall Inn was a sanctuary for drag queens, who were not always welcomed even at other gay bars. When police raided Stonewall Inn on the morning of June 28, it came as a surprisethe bar wasnt tipped off this time. Jerry Hoose:The open gay people that hung out on the streets were basically the have-nothing-to-lose types, which I was. William Eskridge, Professor of Law: The 1960s were dark ages for lesbians and gay men all over America. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:What was so good about the Stonewall was that you could dance slow there. Certainly it was rare at the time to learn more than the first name or nickhame of someone you met casually in a bar. . Corrections? When police raided the Stonewall Inn, a popular gay bar in the Greenwich Village section of New York City on June 28, 1969, the street erupted into violent protests that lasted for the next six days. The cops would hide behind the walls of the urinals. Except for the few mob-owned bars that allowed some socializing, it was basically for verboten. People started throwing pennies. Michael Dolan, Technical Advisors Stonewall riots Raymond Castro:So finally when they started taking me out, arm in arm up to the paddy wagon, I jumped up and I put one foot on one side, one foot on the other and I sprung back, knocking the two arresting officers, knocking them to the ground. I never believed in that. Jimmy knew he shouldn't be interested but, well, he was curious. Stonewall It was a raid. Narrator (Archival):Do you want your son enticed into the world of homosexuals, or your daughter lured into lesbianism? I grew up in a very Catholic household and the conflict of issues of redemption, of is it possible that if you are this thing called homosexual, is it possible to be redeemed? For a comprehensive list of which homophile groups contributed financially to the first Pride, researchers can reference the Christopher Street Liberation Day Committee Bulletin and Reports External. Stonewall riots | Definition, Significance, & Facts | Britannica Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. But, that's when we knew, we were ourselves for the first time. And it just seemed like, fantastic because the background was this industrial, becoming an industrial ruin, it was a masculine setting, it was a whole world. Producers It eats you up inside not being comfortable with yourself. Ellinor Mitchell The mob was saying, you know, "Screw you, cops, you think you can come in a bust us up? Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:The moment you stepped out that door there would be hundreds facing you. That wasn't ours, it was borrowed. Updates? But the protests, sometimes involving thousands of people, continued in the area for five more days, flaring up at one point after the Village Voice published its account of the riots. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We were looking for secret exits and one of the policewomen was able to squirm through the window and they did find a way out. Her car, parked across the street from the Stonewall Inn, at 53 Christopher Street in Greenwich Village, had been stomped At least if you had press, maybe your head wouldn't get busted. Most importantly, this anthology shines a light on forgotten figures who were pivotal in the movement, such as Lee Brewster, head of the Queens Liberation Front and Ernestine Eckstine, one of the few out, African American, lesbian activists in the 1960s. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:TheNew York TimesI guess printed a story, but it wasn't a major story. Lynn and Louis Wolfson II Florida Moving Image Archives WebStonewall Riot praxis one paper pcs 215 03 praxis the stonewall riots in 1969, people responded to violence from officers at police raid at the stonewall inn in Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Southern New Hampshire University Harvard University We assembled on Christopher Street at 6th Avenue, to march.
Marquise Jones Obituary, Articles S